• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    A device for measuring the conditions in concrete (60), wherein the device comprises a sensor (10) for measuring the conditions, and a protective cover (20) for protecting the sensor (10) when mounting in the concrete casting, wherein the protective cover (20) includes an inner space (25) and at least one opening (26), and the sensor (10) is to be installed in the inner space (25) of the protective cover (20), characterized in that the device further comprises a plug (41) formed by carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide snow (40). in the opening (26). In addition, the protection requirements 2-5.
    公开号:FI12974Y1
    申请号:FIU20214029U
    申请日:2021-03-11
    公开日:2021-06-18
    发明作者:Jukka Lahti；Reijo Pitkänen；Ari Kallioinen
    申请人:Haklog Ky；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    APPARATUS FOR MEASURING CONDITIONS IN CONCRETE AND ARRANGEMENT
    The invention relates to a device for measuring conditions in concrete, the device comprising a sensor for measuring the conditions and a protective cover for protecting the sensor when installing in concrete casting, wherein the protective cover comprises an interior and at least one opening, and the sensor is mounted inside the cover. The invention also relates to an arrangement in concrete casting. Concrete is a mass in the form of a liquid that is hardened to a solid form through a chemical reaction. Monitoring the moisture and hydration of the concrete is important in connection with the manufacture of the concrete structure and at a later stage of construction (Kuivaketjul0). Humidity and temperature sensors installed during the construction phase also register possible moisture damage and water damage during operation of the building. After pouring the concrete, in connection with the setting, it is necessary to measure the drying even after the loose water has set. Under optimal conditions, the concrete dries by about 1 cm per week. A certain dryness is required for the concrete structure before the concrete structure can be coated. N By recording the moisture measurement, it can be ensured that the relative humidity (RH) of the N concrete is suitable for the coating material S. Coating too early when the concrete is - still too wet can cause significant indoor air problems E: 25 moisture reacts with the coating materials.
    N S In winter castings, it is important to measure the temperature of the molds and concrete so that the concrete does not freeze. Moisture and temperature monitoring installed on fresh 5 concrete can also be used to determine the degree of maturity and age of the concrete. This ensures that the tear strength of the mold is achieved.
    Today, sensors are known that are retrofitted to concrete, but such sensors require separate drilling and are usually only installed after the concrete has hardened.
    The installation depth of these is usually 1/3 of the thickness of the concrete slab, according to the RT card.
    However, such a conventional sensor cannot be poured into the concrete because the water used as a raw material for the concrete at the manufacturing stage can destroy or at least damage the sensors and electronics.
    U.S. Patent No. 5,7300,244 discloses a sensor that can be cast into concrete during the installation phase.
    The sensor is enclosed in a semi-permeable housing that allows water vapor to pass through but stops the flow of liquid water.
    However, in such a solution, the problem is the clogging of the porous casing and the limited transport of water vapor from the concrete structures to the sensor, which leads to inaccurate measurement results.
    That solution is also expensive to implement.
    The object of the invention is to provide an improved device for measuring conditions in concrete in order to protect the sensor and electronics from water.
    The characteristic features of the present invention appear from the appended protection claim 1. = It is also an object of the invention to provide an improved arrangement N in concrete casting in order to protect the sensor and electronics g from water.
    The characteristic features of the present invention are apparent from the appended protective claim 5. = - 25 The device according to the invention for measuring conditions in N concrete comprises a sensor for measuring conditions, and a protective shell for mounting a sensor in a concrete casting, wherein the N enclosure comprises an interior inside the protective cover.
    The device further comprises a plug formed of carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow fitted into the opening. The plug temporarily closes the casing to prevent the passage of water, whereby as the carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide snow changes, the casing opening opens over a selected period of time, allowing the casing's interior conditions to change over time to match the concrete conditions. In this way, the destruction of sensors and electronics caused by the direct contact of wet concrete water during the casting phase can be prevented. However, during the hardening, drying and use of the concrete, accurate information is obtained about the conditions in the concrete, as the conditions of the interior of the protective shell can change as a function of time due to the open opening. Preferably, the interior of the device comprises a space between the sensor and the opening for a plug made of carbon dioxide ice or carbon snow, which inlet fitted to the opening temporarily closes the housing to prevent water migration. conditions. = Fdefully the sensor is a humidity sensor or a temperature sensor or N both. In this way, the conditions of concrete casting and the hardening and drying of the concrete during the construction phase can be monitored, as well as the occurrence and extent of possible water damage during the use of E 25. N Preferably, the material of the sensor housing is plastic. In this way, an inexpensive and easy-to-handle structure is achieved.
    N> The protective cover can be made of metal or other material instead of plastic.
    The protective shell can be carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow. In this case, the protective cover can be produced in connection with the casting of concrete and a prefabricated protective cover is not required.
    Fdullly, the protective shell is circular in cross section. In this case, the protective shell withstands the pressure of the concrete well and it is also advantageous to make the protective shell from, for example, a typical electric pipe.
    The protective shell can also have an ellipse, a square, a rectangle or another polygon in cross-section instead of a circle.
    Preferably, the opening of the cover is 50 to 95% of the diameter of the cover of the cover. In this way, sealing the opening with carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow is easily carried out mechanically.
    Preferably, the thickness of the shell is 0.5 to 3.0 mm.
    In this case, a suitable structural strength is achieved.
    The diameter of the inner space of the protective shell can be 6 to 80 mm, preferably 8 to 25 mm. In this case, sensors according to the prior art can be fitted to the pipe.
    N If the sensor is fitted longitudinally in the housing, the diameter of the interior of the housing N20 can be 6 to 25 mm, preferably 8 to 14 mm.
    = If the sensor is fitted transversely to the longitudinal direction a o of the housing, the diameter of the inside of the housing may be 20 to 80
    N S mm, preferably 25 to 50 mm.
    N S 25 The casing casing at a distance of 1 to 30 mm from the opening in the longitudinal direction of the casing may have ventilation holes, which are also closed with carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow.
    stage. In this case, the conditions inside the enclosure better correspond to the conditions in the concrete as a function of time.
    A cable can be attached to the sensor, which is fitted inside the protective cover through a sealed or sealed cap. In this case, energy can be transferred to the 5 sensors along the line and information can be transferred from the sensor to the reading device. This also allows the sensor to be connected to a remotely readable system, eliminating the need for the user to go to a destination to read sensor data.
    The arrangement according to the invention in concrete casting comprises concrete and a sensor cast in the concrete for measuring the conditions, which sensor is arranged in a protective shell, the protective shell comprising an interior and at least one opening, and the sensor is mounted inside the shell. The arrangement further includes a plug formed of carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow fitted into the opening. The plug temporarily closes the casing to prevent water from passing, whereby as the carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide snow changes, the casing opening opens over a selected period of time, allowing the casing's interior conditions to change over time to match concrete = conditions. In this way, the destruction of sensors and electronics caused by direct contact of the wet concrete with loose water during the casting phase can be prevented. However, after the casting step - when the opening is opened, precise information is obtained about the conditions in the concrete during hardening, i.e. hydration, drying and o use, when the interior conditions of the casing can change as a function of time.
    The device according to the invention can be used in a method for installing a sensor measuring conditions in concrete inside concrete in a casting step, wherein the sensor is installed inside concrete in a protective shell comprising an interior and at least one opening. Prior to installation, the sensor housing is sealed in concrete to prevent the passage of water on carbon dioxide ice or carbon snow, and as the carbon ice or carbon snow changes, the housing opening opens over a selected period of time, allowing the housing to change as a function of concrete conditions.
    In other words, before installation on the concrete, the protective cover is sealed practically watertight with carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow, whereby the sensor inside the protective cover is protected from water. The practical watertightness of the casing in the concrete casting stage is achieved by carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow, with which the water in contact freezes, and the solid water layer thus formed contributes to preventing the passage of liquid water inside the casing. In addition, carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow, when sublimated, creates a pressure inside the housing, which helps to prevent water from entering the housing.
    In this way, the destruction of sensors and electronics N caused by the direct contact of wet concrete = water during the pouring phase can be prevented. However, after the opening of the casting stage, accurate information is obtained about the conditions in the concrete during hardening r, i.e. hydration, drying and use, when the interior conditions of the protective shell E 25 can change as a function of time.
    O N In this context, the opening of the opening of the enclosure means the sublimation of carbon dioxide N or carbon dioxide snow used to close the opening in the casting phase, whereby an unobstructed connection is established between the sensor and the concrete. Opening within a selected period of time, in this context, means
    that the thickness of the layer formed by the carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow can be selected according to the desired protection time and conditions.
    Preferably, the sensor in the enclosure is installed in the mold at the desired location before the concrete is poured or part of the concrete is first poured into the mold and the sensor is then installed at the desired location, after which the pouring is continued by pouring more concrete into the mold.
    Preferably, the sensor is a humidity sensor or a temperature sensor or both.
    In this way, it is possible to monitor the conditions of concrete casting (winter castings, solid castings), as well as the hardening and drying of the concrete during the construction phase, as well as the occurrence and extent of possible water damage during use.
    Temperature and relative humidity are essential factors in the hardening and drying of concrete.
    Preferably, during the installation step, the protective shell is placed in a stencil mold and granular carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow is fed into the protective shell.
    In this way, the cover can be temporarily closed, preventing liquid water from entering the interior of the cover.
    Granular carbon dioxide ice N or carbon dioxide snow clogs even small openings in the cover and 3 can be used with covers of different sizes. - Fully seal the carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow inside the protective shell by pressing it against the stencil mold 2 25 and the protective shell.
    In this way, a dense layer of carbon dioxide ice or 3 carbon dioxide snow can be formed, which O temporarily protects the sensor and electronics from water and which remains well in place during installation.
    Fc of the carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow is formed into a plug in the housing before the sensor is installed inside the housing. In this way, the cover can be prepared for pouring into concrete before installing a sensitive sensor in the cover. In the casting phase, the thickness of the layer formed by the carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow closing the opening of the protective shell can be 4 to 40 mm. In this case, a suitable protection time is achieved as the concrete hardens and dries before the residual carbon dioxide layer sublimes under the influence of heat and thus opens the opening of the protective shell. It may take 0.5 to 3 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2 hours, for the opening of the protective cover closed on the carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow to sublime to or on the carbon dioxide snow. In this way, the loose water has time to set and the concrete has time to harden and dry sufficiently before the carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow, when sublimated, opens the opening of the protective shell. A wired sensor is used. In this case, energy can be transferred to the sensor via a wire and data can be transferred from the sensor to the reading device. This also allows N sensors to be connected to a remotely readable system, so that 7 users do not have to go to the destination to read sensor z data. The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments of the invention, in which D
    Figure 1 shows a schematic view of closing an opening of a protective shell according to the invention with carbon dioxide ice in a stencil mold. Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a protective shell according to the invention closed with a carbon dioxide plug before installing a sensor and pouring concrete. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the method of installing the sensor and the casing inside the concrete according to the invention, Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the sensor and the casing inside the concrete after sublimation into the carbon dioxide ice, Figures 6a and 6b show O 20 of an embodiment of the invention, and
    O Figures 7a to 7c show schematic views of a third embodiment of the invention.
    In the first embodiment S according to the invention shown in Fig. 1, an empty protective shell N 25 20 formed of a plastic tube is placed in the stencil mold 50 above the first end 21 of the protective shell 20. An amount of granular carbon dioxide ice 40 is fed into the interior 25 of the cover 20 according to a set criterion. Alternatively, carbon dioxide
    snow. The carbon dioxide ice 40 is compacted into a fixed plug 41 by pressing the carbon dioxide ice 40 from above against the stencil mold 50 and the protective shell 20 to prevent water from passing to the sensor during the concrete 60 casting step.
    Figure 2 shows a situation in which the opening 26 and the ventilation holes 28 of the cover 20 are closed by a plug 41 formed in the carbon dioxide 40 before the sensor 10 is installed in the cover 20 and before the concrete 60 is poured. The first end 21 of the housing 20 tapers relative to the housing 24 of the housing 20, with the plug 41 remaining firmly in the interior 25 of the housing 20. At this point, the second end 22 of the housing 20 is still open for feeding the wired sensor 10. In Figure 3, the sensor 10 is mounted inside the sealed housing 20. The sensor 10 is mounted on the housing 20 through the second end 22. The wire 12 of the sensor 10 is fitted through a plastic / rubber cap 30. The line 12 may be an ordinary plastic line through which energy is supplied to the sensor 10 and information is read from the sensor 10. The cap 30 is set to close the other end 22 of the housing 20 and the sealing rings 32 in the cap 30 form a tight connection against the housing 20 = sheath 24, whereby the sensor 10 remains inside the closed housing N20. Alternative methods can also be used to seal the cap 30, such as sealant. > In Figure 4, the sensor 10 is cast in a protective shell 20 inside the concrete 60a 25. The closed protective shell 20 can be installed inside the concrete 60 N during casting to any depth as required. The cover 20 is preferably mounted in a vertical position, N whereby the water does not rise easily upwards into the cover 20. The cover 20 can also be mounted horizontally or in any other position as required, for example if the casting is low.
    The concrete 60 compresses the protective shell 20 around and the loose water comes into contact with the plug 41 formed by the carbon dioxide 40.
    When water is in contact with the carbon dioxide ice 40, an ice layer forms on the surface of the carbon dioxide ice 40, which slows down the sublimation of the carbon dioxide ice 40.
    At the same time, gaseous carbon dioxide accumulates inside the housing 20, and the pressure increases inside the housing 20.
    The plug 41 formed by the carbon dioxide ice 40, the water layer frozen on its surface and the internal overpressure of the protective shell 20 together provide the practical watertightness of the protective shell 20 during the casting stage of the concrete 60.
    The carbon dioxide ice 40 protects the sensor 10 from water during the casting step of the concrete 60.
    Under the influence of heat =, the carbon dioxide residue 40 changes state and opens the opening 26 and the ventilation holes 28 as the concrete hardens and dries.
    The carbon dioxide ice 40 is completely sublimed as a gas and evaporates through the concrete 60 structures into the ambient air.
    In Figure 5, the plug 41 formed by the carbon dioxide ice 40 is completely sublimated and the opening 26 and the ventilation holes 28 are completely open.
    In this case, there is an unobstructed connection between the sensor 10 and the concrete 60, whereby the conditions in the concrete 60 can be = accurately measured. Figures 6a and 6b show another an embodiment in which the sensor 10 is arranged in a position perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the protective housing 20.
    The sensor 10 is placed in the vicinity of the cap 30 and the line 12 is arranged through the cap 30 from the side.
    In this case, the diameter of the protective shell 20 is = larger than in the embodiment shown in Figures 1-5.
    The wider the diameter N of the housing 20, the less carbon dioxide residue 40 is piled up during compression during installation.
    In this embodiment, the protective shell 20 can be filled almost entirely with carbon dioxide ice 40. In this case, a longer protection time can be achieved, which can be influenced by adjusting the thickness of the plug 41 formed by the carbon dioxide ice 40.
    By changing the length of the cover 20, the maximum thickness of the plug 41 can be influenced.
    In Fig. 6b, the plug 41 formed by the carbon dioxide ice 40 closing the opening 26 of the protective shell 20 is shown as a single, sealed piece to illustrate the practical watertight structure of the plug 41.
    The sensor 10 is preferably a humidity sensor and / or a temperature sensor.
    The device according to the invention can also be applied to other water-sensitive sensors, such as hydrocarbon sensors, and / or to electronics.
    Instead of granular carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide snow 40, a uniform piece of carbon dioxide residue can be used to close the opening 26 of the cover 20, which is cut or shaped into a plug 41 suitable for closing the opening 26 of the cover 20 at the manufacturing stage.
    As shown in Figs. 7a to 74, a third embodiment N according to the invention can be formed, in which both the protective shell 20 and its closing plug 41 are made of carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow. z In Figure 7a, an amount of granular carbon dioxide> ice 40 is placed in the stencil mold 50 according to the set criteria.
    Alternatively, carbon dioxide snow can also be used.
    The carbon dioxide ice 40 is compacted into a solid protective shell 20 by pressing S carbon dioxide ice 40 from above against the stencil mold 50.
    In Figure 7b, the sensor 10 is placed in a protective shell 20 formed of carbon dioxide ice 40. The sensor 10 can be mounted in the desired position. Additional carbon dioxide snow 40 is then placed on top of the housing 20 and sensor 10, which is sealed to a fixed plug 41 by squeezing the carbon dioxide ice 40 from above. If necessary, a metal protective frame can be arranged around the sensor 10, for example, which withstands well the force required for sealing the carbon dioxide ice 40. In Figure 7c, the sensor 10 is ready to be installed in concrete casting. The sensor 10 is arranged between the practical waterproof layers of carbon dioxide ice which act as a protective shell 20 and a plug 41. The lead 12 of the sensor 10 is adapted to run between the housing 20 and the plug 41. OF O OF
    O <Q
    I a a O OF
    O + OF O OF D
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    An apparatus for measuring conditions in concrete (60), the apparatus comprising a sensor (10) for measuring the conditions, and a housing (20) for protecting the sensor (10) when installed in a concrete casting, the housing (20) comprising an interior (25) and at least one opening (26), and the sensor (10) is mounted inside the housing (20) of the protective cover (20), characterized in that the device further comprises a plug (41) formed of carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow (40) fitted in the opening (26).
    [2]
    Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (10) is a humidity sensor or a temperature sensor or both.
    [3]
    Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a cable (12) is fastened to the sensor (10) and is arranged inside the protective cover (20) through a sealed or sealed cap (30).
    [4]
    Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the protective shell (20) is carbon dioxide ice N 20 or carbon dioxide snow.
    N g 5. An arrangement in concrete casting comprising concrete (60) and - a sensor (10) poured into the concrete (60) for measuring conditions E, which sensor (10) is arranged in a protective shell R (20), which protective shell (20) comprises an interior (25) 3 and at least one opening (26), and the sensor (10) is mounted inside the housing (25) of the protective cover (20), characterized in that the arrangement further comprises a plug formed of carbon dioxide ice or carbon dioxide snow (40) 41) fitted in the opening (26).
    OF
    O
    N 0
    [5]
    S
    I and m o o
    N o <
    OF
    O
    OF
    D
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI129041B|2021-05-31|
    FI20205256A1|2021-05-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
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    FI20205256A|FI129041B|2020-03-11|2020-03-11|Method for installing a sensor measuring conditions in concrete and device for measuring conditions in concrete|
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